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我们经常会遇到Linux操作系统，比如Ubuntu，CentOS，Redhat以及麒麟、UOS统信等。在Linux下，如何检查固态硬盘的SMART信息和其他有用的信息呢？
在这里我们就要用到一个工具：smartmontools
1、 安装命令：# yum install smartmontools
2、相关语法：
# smartctl [options] device
2、 查看固态硬盘的信息（是否支持smart）
smartctl -i /dev/sda
3、开启硬盘smart支持
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on
4、查看固态硬盘的健康状况
smartctl -H /dev/sda
5、显示设备SMART属性和值
显示全部厂商自定义属性和值：smartctl -A /dev/sda
显示全部属性和值：smartctl -a /dev/sda
6、显示硬盘错误信息
smartctl -l error /dev/sda
/、 相关参数
============================================ SHOW INFORMATION OPTIONS =====
-h, --help, --usage
Display this help and exit
-V, --version, --copyright, --license
Print license, copyright, and version information and exit
-i, --info
Show identity information for device
--identify[=[w][nvb]]
Show words and bits from IDENTIFY DEVICE data (ATA)
-g NAME, --get=NAME
Get device setting: all, aam, apm, dsn, lookahead, security,
wcache, rcache, wcreorder, wcache-sct
-a, --all
Show all SMART information for device
-x, --xall
Show all information for device
--scan
Scan for devices
--scan-open
Scan for devices and try to open each device
================================== SMARTCTL RUN-TIME BEHAVIOR OPTIONS =====
-j, --json[=[cgiosuv]]
Print output in JSON format
-q TYPE, --quietmode=TYPE (ATA)
Set smartctl quiet mode to one of: errorsonly, silent, noserial
-d TYPE, --device=TYPE
Specify device type to one of:
ata, scsi[+TYPE], nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, sntjmicron[,NSID], intelliprop,N[+TYPE], marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test
-T TYPE, --tolerance=TYPE (ATA)
Tolerance: normal, conservative, permissive, verypermissive
-b TYPE, --badsum=TYPE (ATA)
Set action on bad checksum to one of: warn, exit, ignore
-r TYPE, --report=TYPE
Report transactions (see man page)
-n MODE[,STATUS], --nocheck=MODE[,STATUS] (ATA)
No check if: never, sleep, standby, idle (see man page)
============================== DEVICE FEATURE ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS =====
-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE
Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)
-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)
-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE (ATA)
Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)
-s NAME[,VALUE], --set=NAME[,VALUE]
Enable/disable/change device setting: aam,[N|off], apm,[N|off],
dsn,[on|off], lookahead,[on|off], security-freeze,
standby,[N|off|now], wcache,[on|off], rcache,[on|off],
wcreorder,[on|off[,p]], wcache-sct,[ata|on|off[,p]]
======================================= READ AND DISPLAY DATA OPTIONS =====
-H, --health
Show device SMART health status
-c, --capabilities (ATA, NVMe)
Show device SMART capabilities
-A, --attributes
Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values
-f FORMAT, --format=FORMAT (ATA)
Set output format for attributes: old, brief, hex[,id|val]
-l TYPE, --log=TYPE
Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest], background,
sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset], scttemp[sts,hist],
scttempint,N[,p], scterc[,N,M], devstat[,N], defects[,N], ssd,
gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE], nvmelog,N,SIZE
-v N,OPTION , --vendorattribute=N,OPTION (ATA)
Set display OPTION for vendor Attribute N (see man page)
-F TYPE, --firmwarebug=TYPE (ATA)
Use firmware bug workaround:
none, nologdir, samsung, samsung2, samsung3, xerrorlba, swapid
-P TYPE, --presets=TYPE (ATA)
Drive-specific presets: use, ignore, show, showall
-B [+]FILE, --drivedb=[+]FILE (ATA)
Read and replace [add] drive database from FILE
[default is +/etc/smartmontools/smart_drivedb.h
and then /usr/share/smartmontools/drivedb.h]
============================================ DEVICE SELF-TEST OPTIONS =====
-t TEST, --test=TEST
Run test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]
-C, --captive
Do test in captive mode (along with -t)
-X, --abort
Abort any non-captive test on device
=================================================== SMARTCTL EXAMPLES =====
smartctl --all /dev/sda (Prints all SMART information)
smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/sda
(Enables SMART on first disk)
smartctl --test=long /dev/sda (Executes extended disk self-test)
smartctl --attributes --log=selftest --quietmode=errorsonly /dev/sda
(Prints Self-Test & Attribute errors)
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/sda
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twe0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twa0
smartctl --all --device=3ware,2 /dev/twl0
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk on 3ware RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=hpt,1/1/3 /dev/sda
(Prints all SMART info for the SATA disk attached to the 3rd PMPort
of the 1st channel on the 1st HighPoint RAID controller)
smartctl --all --device=areca,3/1 /dev/sg2
(Prints all SMART info for 3rd ATA disk of the 1st enclosure
on Areca RAID controller)
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发表于 2022-7-11 14:03:36